如何在 Linux、Windows 和 MacOS 上安装 OBS

什么是OBS？

OBS (Open Broadcaster Software) 是一个免费的开源视频录制和直播软件程序，由 C、C++ 和 Qt 编写，由 OBS 项目和独立开发人员社区开发。它主要用于流媒体和录制视频。它支持广泛的插件来扩展程序的功能。

OBS 视频的传输主要是使用 RTMP（或实时消息协议）完成的，因此可以发送到任何支持 RTMP 的目的地，包括许多流媒体网站，如 YouTube、Twitch、Instagram 和 Facebook。

OBS Studio 能够使用 x264 免费软件库、Intel Quick Sync Video、Nvidia NVENC 和 AMD Video Coding Engine 将视频流编码为 H.264/MPEG-4 格式和 H.265/HEVC 格式。多个音轨可以使用任何编解码器进行编码，并在 libavcodec/libavformat 中可用，以及将流输出到自定义 ffmpeg URL。

系统要求

AMD FX 系列或 Intel i5 2000 系列处理器（最好是双核或 4 核）或更高的支持 DirectX 10 的显卡
至少 4 GB 的 RAM（推荐，但不是必需的）
首选：硬件编码器通常被推荐用于本地录制，但不一定是流媒体。

视窗：

DirectX 10.1 兼容 GPU
Windows 7 SP1 或更新版本

苹果系统：

Intel CPU（不支持 PPC）
OpenGL 3.2 兼容 GPU
macOS 10.12 或更新版本

Linux/Unix

OpenGL 3.2 兼容 GPU（在终端中运行 glxinfo | grep “OpenGL”）
X窗系统

在 Ubuntu 18.04 上安装 OBS

让我们从在 Ubuntu 18.04 上安装 OBS 开始。

更新服务器

首先，我们需要使用以下命令更新我们的服务器包。

[email protected] [~]# apt update && apt -y upgrade 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. [email protected] [~]# /home/ellen#

安装 FFMpeg

OBS 需要安装 FFmpeg 的实现（FFmpeg 是一组软件库，允许我们以各种格式记录、转换和传输音频、视频记录。）为了初步验证它是否安装在我们的系统上，我们将使用-version 标志与 ffmpeg 命令。

[email protected] [~]# /home/ellen# ffmpeg -version Command' ffmpeg' not found, but can be installed with: apt install ffmpeg [email protected] [~]# /home/ellen#

让我们继续使用以下命令安装 ffmpeg。

[email protected] [~]# /home/ellen# apt install ffmpeg Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done  The following additional packages will be installed:   i965-va-driver libaacs0 libass9 libavcodec57 libavdevice57 libavfilter6   libavformat57 libavresample3 libavutil55 libbdplus0 libbluray2 libbs2b0   libchromaprint1 libcrystalhd3 libdc1394-22 libflite1 libgme0 libgsm1   libmysofa0 libnorm1 libopenal-data libopenal1 libopenjp2-7 libopenmpt0   libpgm-5.2-0 libpostproc54 librubberband2 libsdl2-2.0-0 libshine3   libsnappy1v5 libsndio6.1 libsoxr0 libssh-gcrypt-4 libswresample2   libswscale4 libva-drm2 libva-x11-2 libva2 libvdpau1 libx264-152 libx265-146   libxvidcore4 libzmq5 libzvbi-common libzvbi0 mesa-va-drivers   mesa-vdpau-drivers va-driver-all vdpau-driver-all Suggested packages:   ffmpeg-doc i965-va-driver-shaders libbluray-bdj firmware-crystalhd   libportaudio2 sndiod libvdpau-va-gl1 nvidia-vdpau-driver   nvidia-legacy-340xx-vdpau-driver  The following NEW packages will be installed:   ffmpeg i965-va-driver libaacs0 libass9 libavcodec57 libavdevice57   libavfilter6 libavformat57 libavresample3 libavutil55 libbdplus0 libbluray2   libbs2b0 libchromaprint1 libcrystalhd3 libdc1394-22 libflite1 libgme0   libgsm1 libmysofa0 libnorm1 libopenal-data libopenal1 libopenjp2-7   libopenmpt0 libpgm-5.2-0 libpostproc54 librubberband2 libsdl2-2.0-0   libshine3 libsnappy1v5 libsndio6.1 libsoxr0 libssh-gcrypt-4 libswresample2   libswscale4 libva-drm2 libva-x11-2 libva2 libvdpau1 libx264-152 libx265-146   libxvidcore4 libzmq5 libzvbi-common libzvbi0 mesa-va-drivers   mesa-vdpau-drivers va-driver-all vdpau-driver-all 0 upgraded, 50 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 32,3 MB of archives. After this operation, 148 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y  Fetched 32,3 MB in 3s (9.663 kB/s)              Extracting templates from packages: 100% Selecting previously unselected package libva2:amd64. (Reading database ... 157009 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../00-libva2_2.1.0-3_amd64.deb ...  Setting up libpgm-5.2-0:amd64 (5.2.122~dfsg-2) ... Setting up libx264-152:amd64 (2:0.152.2854+gite9a5903-2) ... Setting up ffmpeg (7:3.4.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ... [email protected] [~]# /home/ellen#

现在，让我们使用带有 -version 标志的 ffmpeg 命令检查以确保 ffmpeg 已安装并可用。

[email protected] [~]# /home/ellen# ffmpeg -version ffmpeg version 3.4.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers built with gcc 7 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-16ubuntu3) configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.18.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared libavutil 55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100 libavcodec 57.107.100 / 57.107.100 libavformat 57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100 libavdevice 57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100 libavfilter 6.107.100 / 6.107.100 libavresample 3. 7. 0 / 3. 7. 0 libswscale 4. 8.100 / 4. 8.100 libswresample 2. 9.100 / 2. 9.100 libpostproc 54. 7.100 / 54. 7.100 [email protected] [~]# /home/ellen#

接下来，我们可以继续安装 OBS。首先，我们需要添加相应的存储库，从那里下载和安装软件。

[email protected] [~]# /home/ellen# add-apt-repository ppa:obsproject/obs-studio Latest stable release of OBS Studio  More info: https://launchpad.net/~obsproject/+archive/ubuntu/obs-studio Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel adding it.  Hit:1 https://by.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease Hit:2 https://by.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease             Hit:3 https://by.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease           Get:4 https://ppa.launchpad.net/obsproject/obs-studio/ubuntu bionic InRelease [15,9 kB] Get:5 https://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88,7 kB]    Get:6 https://ppa.launchpad.net/obsproject/obs-studio/ubuntu bionic/main i386 Packages [904 B] Get:7 https://ppa.launchpad.net/obsproject/obs-studio/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages [904 B] Get:8 https://ppa.launchpad.net/obsproject/obs-studio/ubuntu bionic/main Translation-en [160 B] Fetched 107 kB in 1s (84,8 kB/s)                      Reading package lists... Done [email protected] [~]# /home/ellen#

在 Ubuntu 中添加存储库后，需要更新包管理器以确保我们有最新的包可用。

[email protected] [~]# /home/ellen# apt-get update Hit:1 https://by.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease Hit:2 https://by.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease             Hit:3 https://by.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease           Hit:4 https://ppa.launchpad.net/obsproject/obs-studio/ubuntu bionic InRelease   Get:5 https://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88,7 kB]    Fetched 88,7 kB in 1s (76,6 kB/s)                                              Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done All packages are up to date. [email protected] [~]# /home/ellen#

安装OBS

现在我们可以继续安装 OBS。

[email protected] [~]# /home/ellen# apt install obs-studio Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done  The following additional packages will be installed:   libcurl4 libdouble-conversion1 libfdk-aac1 libluajit-5.1-2   libluajit-5.1-common libmbedcrypto1 libmbedtls10 libmbedx509-0 libqt5core5a   libqt5dbus5 libqt5gui5 libqt5network5 libqt5svg5 libqt5widgets5   libqt5x11extras5 libqt5xml5 libxcb-xinerama0 qt5-gtk-platformtheme   qttranslations5-l10n Suggested packages:   qt5-image-formats-plugins qtwayland5 The following NEW packages will be installed:   libcurl4 libdouble-conversion1 libfdk-aac1 libluajit-5.1-2   libluajit-5.1-common libmbedcrypto1 libmbedtls10 libmbedx509-0 libqt5core5a   libqt5dbus5 libqt5gui5 libqt5network5 libqt5svg5 libqt5widgets5   libqt5x11extras5 libqt5xml5 libxcb-xinerama0 obs-studio   qt5-gtk-platformtheme qttranslations5-l10n 0 upgraded, 20 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 6.626 kB/14,4 MB of archives. After this operation, 59,1 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y  Setting up obs-studio (25.0.8-0obsproject1~bionic) ... Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.23-1ubuntu3.18.04.2) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1) ... Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-11ubuntu1.1) ... Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ... Processing triggers for mime-support (3.60ubuntu1) ... [email protected] [~]# /home/ellen#